Preparing the
Body with breath
& movement.

Before beginning yoga asana, it's important to prepare the body with gentle warm-up exercises. These movements loosen the joints, improve circulation, increase flexibility, and reduce the risk of injury — while bringing awareness to the body and coordinating movement with the breath.

Practice each movement slowly, with ease, and without strain.

Why warm up

Five reasons to start slow.

01

Improve range of motion in joints and muscles

02

Reduce muscle stiffness and tension

03

Enhance posture and alignment

04

Prevent injuries and strain

05

Support better performance in yoga asanas and daily activities

● Level 1 — Beginner

Beginner flexibility exercises

Sit down on the mat with the spine straight and shoulders relaxed. Those who can't sit on the floor may stand or use a chair. Repeat each exercise 6 times.

Neck Stretch

  • 1Slowly tilt your head upward, then downward toward the chest.
  • 2Gently turn your head from left to right and back.
  • 3Tilt your head to the right shoulder, then the left. Hold each side 15–20 seconds.
  • 4Rotate your head in a full circle clockwise, then reverse.
Reduces stiffnessRelieves tension headaches

Shoulder Rolls

  • 1Raise shoulders toward the ears, then lower gently. Hold 15–20 seconds.
  • 2Roll shoulders forward and backward in a circular motion.
  • 3Rotate shoulders clockwise, then anti-clockwise.
  • 4Hands on shoulders — rotate elbows forward and up, aiming to touch.

Inhale while lifting, exhale while lowering. Keep breathing slow and steady.

Shoulder mobilityEases upper-back tension

Side Stretch

  • 1Feet shoulder-width apart. Arms out, gently turn the torso left, then right — 6 reps each side.
  • 2Right arm overhead, lean left. Hold 15–20 sec. Repeat other side, 2–3 rounds.
  • 3Arms extended overhead, rotate hands clockwise 6×, then anti-clockwise 6×.
Opens the side bodyImproves postureCirculation

Leg & Core Exercises

  • 1Sit, legs extended. Fold the right knee to chest and circle gently 6×, then switch legs.
  • 2Lie on your back, lift legs, cycle clockwise 6 rounds, then anti-clockwise.
  • 3Raise both legs to 90°, hold briefly, lower slowly. Repeat 4–6 times.
  • 4Seated, inhale arms up; exhale and fold forward reaching toes.
Warms hips & hamstringsCore strength

Foot Exercises

Ankle Pump & Rotation
  • 1Sit with legs extended, toes together.
  • 2Point toes forward, then pull back toward you — smooth and controlled.
  • 3Rotate both feet anti-clockwise, then clockwise. Avoid jerking.
CirculationAnkle strengthReduces swelling
●● Level 2 — Intermediate

Intermediate warm-up exercises

Deeper seated and floor-based movements that build on the beginner routine.

Wide-Leg Sideways Bend

  • 1Legs spread wide. Left hand behind the back, raise the right arm and bend to hold toes or ankles, forehead toward the knee.
  • 2Switch sides — right hand behind the back, reach with the left hand.
Hip & hamstring opener

Wide-Leg Sideways Bend

Chakki
  • 1Legs spread wide, fingers interlocked. Rotate the upper body from right to left, head low, reaching the left side.
  • 2Switch and continue from left to right in a controlled churning motion.
Spinal rotationGroin flexibility

Cat–Cow Stretch

Marjaryasana–Bitilasana
  • 1Come onto hands and knees, tabletop position.
  • 2Inhale, drop the belly, lift chest and tailbone — Cow.
  • 3Exhale, round the spine, chin and tailbone tuck in — Cat.
  • 4Move with the breath, repeat 6 times.
Spinal flexibilityMassages abdomen

Standing Forward Fold

Uttanasana
  • 1Stand with feet hip-width apart.
  • 2Exhale, fold forward from the waist, reach toward the toes.
  • 3Keep knees straight, or slightly bent at first, straightening over time.
Hamstrings & calvesCalms the mind

Butterfly Stretch

Baddha Konasana
  • 1Sit with soles of the feet together, holding the feet with the hands.
  • 2Gently press the knees toward the floor. Hold 30 seconds.
Opens hips & groinHip flexibility

Butterfly

Pankasana
  • 1Left leg extended, fold the right leg — sole against the inner left thigh.
  • 2Hold the right foot, flutter the knee up and down like a butterfly.
  • 3Switch legs, then bring both feet together for the full pose and flap both knees.
Hip flexibility
●●● Level 3 — Advanced

Advanced flexibility exercises

Deeper, dynamic stretches for practitioners preparing for more demanding asana. Move slowly and never force a position.

Rowing Movement

Dynamic stretch
  • 1Sit upright, legs extended and together.
  • 2Bend forward, return upright in a smooth rowing rhythm.
  • 3After a count of six, repeat in the anticlockwise direction.

Wide-Leg Forward Bend

Deeper stretch
  • 1Sit with legs spread comfortably apart.
  • 2Hold the toes or ankles, bend forward as far as possible without strain.

Flexibility improves gradually with regular practice.

Full Splits Prep

Hanumanasana Prep
  • 1From a kneeling lunge, slowly extend the front leg forward, back leg backward.
  • 2Keep hips square and back straight. Hold 30 seconds.
Hamstring & hip depthAdvanced-asana prep

Backbend Stretch

Wheel Prep
  • 1Lie on the back, bend knees, hands near the shoulders.
  • 2Lift hips and chest gradually into a backbend.
  • 3Hold, and breathe steadily.
Opens chest & shouldersStrengthens spine

Down Dog → Plank Flow

Adho Mukha Svanasana
  • 1Start in downward dog — hips lifted, heels reaching down.
  • 2Shift forward into a strong plank, shoulders over wrists.
  • 3Engage core and thighs, move back to downward dog. Repeat 6 times.
Full-body stabilityShoulder & core strength
Before you roll out the mat

Tips for effective flexibility training

Warm up before stretching

Move slowly and mindfully

Never force the body into a position

Breathe deeply while holding stretches

Practice consistently for gradual improvement

Conclusion

Flexibility exercises are a key complement to yoga, improving mobility, balance, and body awareness. With regular practice, the body becomes limber, energized, and injury-resistant, enhancing your overall yoga journey.

Having understood the importance of warm-up exercises, in the next chapter we begin our journey into yogasana, starting from the beginner level.

"Prepare the body with patience, and it will support you with strength and ease."

Practice under guidance.
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